Aerator for coke-ovens.



1. B. KELLER. I AEBATOR fOR COKE OVENS. APPLIQATION FILED SUNE 20. L914.

Patentexi Jail. 11, 1916 2 suns-saga} 1 J. B. KELLER.

AERATOR FOR COKE OVENS.

APPLICATION FILE-D JUNEZO, m4.

Patented Jan. 11, 19 16.

INVENTOF! wwmgssas FIGhS- JOSEPH B. KELLER, 0F SCOTTDALE, PENNSYLVANIA.

AERATOR FOR COKE-OVENS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11, 1916.

Application filed June-20, 1914. Serial No. 846,338.

To all grit/unlit may concern:

3e it known that I, Josnrn B. KnLLema citizen of the United States, residing at bcottdale, in the county of \Vestmoreland and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Aerator for Coke-Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to coking coal and more particularly relates to the regulation and control of the air supplied to the coke ovens in the coal coking process.

lleretofore it has been the practice, especially with bee hive ovens, to provide an opening in each oven doorway for the admission of the air necessary in carrying out the coking operations and in so doing little or no account is taken of changes in the i direction and velocity of the prevailing winds, or attempts made to regulate the quantity of air supplied to the. coke ovens. Such practice results in much more air being supplied than is necessary at times, and an insufficient supply at other times.

One object of my invention, which is applicab-le for use with ovens of both the bee hive and rectangular type, is to provide an improved apparatus having novel means whereby the amount of air introduced into the oven in coking a chargeof coal is determined, regulated and controlled, to the end that the quantity of coke-is increased and the quality improved in a given quantity and grade of coal charged into the oven.

Another object of my invention is to pro-' vide apparatus whereby'the volume and direction of flow of the air introduced into the coke oven in the coking operation is determined and controlled.

A further object of my invention is to provide improved means whereby an inade- I uate supply of air and consequent retardation ofthe coking process is prevented, the direction of flow of the air into different parts of an oven is controlled and a more uniform quality of coke isobtained.

A still further objectof my invention is to provide novel means whereby the supply of air introduced into the coke oven while coking a charge of coal is regulated, and cutting (i. e. the complete combustion of coke to ash) at or in the vicinity of the door is prevented and overcome.

- Still further objects of my invention will become apparent hereinafter as the invenmosphere. The interiolrr' tion is more fully described in the specification and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring now to the drawings forming part of this specification in which the apparatus is shown appliedto a coke oven of the bee hive type, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of an oven showing an aerator coir structed and arranged and applied for use in the doorway of the oven in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation showing the doorway of the oven and the aerator in position as applied for use thereon. Fig. 3' is an inverted planon an enlarged scale of the aerator showing the sliding gates, by which the size of the air inlets to the aerator is varied and the volume of air entering the oven through the aerator is regulated and controlled. Fig. 4

'is a side elevation of the aerator on a larger way so as to provide the necessary air opening therein.

In applying my improved apparatus to 7 the oven,the aerator 5 is positioned within the opening 3 and the opening or doorway is closed by means of the temporary wall 4 or by a permanent mechanical door it such be preferred, so that all of the air entering the oven 2 after the aerator is placed in position, must pass into the oven through the aerator.

Asxivill be seen from the drawings. the aerator 5 is an L shaped hollow box which has a horizontally'extending leg (3 ,of rectangular cross section, opening into the interior of the owen 2, an d a vertical leg 7 of similar cross section extending downwardly end into the atthe rectangular box forming the acrato is provided with a series of substantial partitions 8 which divid'ethe legs of the aerator transverselv into a series of separate compartments 9, 10, 11,

and opening at its botto 12, 13 each having its own inlet andan outlet which leads to the interior ofth'e oven. Preferably the interior of the aerator or of the compartn'ients of the aerator is lined with a refractory material 14 which may be asbestos boards or may be refractory mate ial applied to the surfaces while plastic and then dried or baked in place.v The vertical leg 7 of the aerator adjacent to its lower open end is provided with a series of horizontally sliding shutter plates or gates 15, lo, 17, 18 and 19 which extend in the compartments of the aerator to regulate the sizeof the openings through which the air passes into the separate compartments of the aerator. An opening 20 is provided in the front face of the aerator to form a peep hole for inspecting the interior or" the oven from time to time and this hole or opening is normally closed by means of the-slide 21..

instead of dividin the aerator into separate compartments by the partitions and providing each with a sliding gate, the aerator may have but a single compartment with a single gate for regulating the size of the air opening in the bottom of the vertical leg or the aerator or the aerator may be divided into separate compartments all served by a single gate or shutter. The aerator is provided on its front face with a series of openings 22 through which the extension tube of a water gage 24 is introduced for the purpose of measuring the draft or pressure of the air passing through the compartments of the aerator into the oven, and the velocity of the air passing into the aerator may be convenientlv determined by holding an anemomcter 20 at the entrance end of the several compartments in the vertical leg of the aerator, in the manner shown inFig. 3.

In the operation of ovens equipped with my improved apparatus the coal is burned or coked within the oven 2 in the usual manner and the doorway. 3 is closed either with the usual temporary wall 4, or mechanical door, the aerator 5 being placed in position in the doorway and when used in conjunction with the temporary wall, the space between the walls of the door 'ay and walls of the horizontal leg (3 of the aerator being filled with brick and made air tight by coating with slurry or clay Wash. Vhen used in conjunction with a mechanical door the aerator is placed in position as a part of the door simultaneously with the placingv of the door in position, or it may be placed in position in the door after the docr is in place in the oven it"so desired. \Vhen the aerator is used in conjunction with a mechanical door no filling in with bricks-between the val] oi the aerator and the wall or" the oven doorway is necessary. The water 24 and the anemometer 25 are frequently employed to indicate the pressure and the velocity of air entering each of the several compartments 9, l0, 11, etc, of the aerator.

It has been found by means of a large number of experiments that three and one half cubic feet of air should be introduced into the oven to, each cubic foot of gas evolved, and that this ratio of air to gas should be maintained during the coking process in order to obtain. the fullest deposition of carbon on and throughout the interstices of the mass of coke from the heavy hydro-carbon. evolved in the coking process, and that the air supply should be uniformly distributed within the oven to facilitate uniform coking of the charge. It has also been satisfactorily demonstrated that the gases evolved in the process of coking coal require approximately six cubic feet of air for each cubic foot of gas to promote the complete combustion of the gas, and that only onehalf of this amount of air is utilized in maintaining the oven at coking temperature.

' The area of the several compartments in the aerator being knowm'it is readily determined how much air is required at different times in each of the several compart ments and experience soon teaches the burner or operator what adjustments are necessaryin the sliding gates 15, 16, etc., to supply the most desirable quantity of air under changing atmospheric conditions and changes in the direction of the wind with regard to the front or doorway side of the oven, while the water gage and anemometer enable the pressure and velocity of the currents of air into the oven at any time to be readily checked.

The advantages of my invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The apparatus is simple and being strong and durable will last for an indefinite time without requiring expensive repairs.

By the use of my improved appa 'atus, the flow of air into each oven is regulated and the distribution of the air is controlled, and the yield of coke from the ovens is materially increased in quantity and'improved in quality.

Modifications in the construction and arrangement of the parts "forming my improved apparatus may be made without departing from my invention as defined in the claims. The apparatus is applicable to rectangular ovens and other changes may be made.

I claim 1. In a coke oven. the combination with the oven doorway of an aerator positioned in said doorway and comprising a hollow box, L-shaped in cross section and having a horizontal leg and vertical leg, a partition separating the aerator into compartments, outlets on the horizontal leg opening into the coke oven, inlets on the vertical leg opening on the exterior of the oven and sliding plates forming shutters or gates to regulate the flow oi air through the aerator compartments.

2. In a coke oven, the combination with the. oven doorway of an aerator positioned in said doorway and comprising a hollow the oven doorway and comprising van L- shaped hollow box having a horizontal leg and a vertical leg, one end of sald horizontal leg forming an outlet leading into the coke oven and one end of said vertical leg forming an inlet opening on the exterior-of the oven, a partition in'said box separating the aerator into compartments and sliding'plates or shutters in the compartments to vary the flow of air through said compartments- 4:. In a coke oven, the combinationwith the oven doorway and comprising an t.-,

shaped hollow box having a horizontal leg and a vertical leg, one end :1: said horizontal 7 leg forming an outlet leading into the coke oven and one .end of said vertical leg forming an inlet opening on the exterior of the oven, a plurality of partitions in said. box separating the aerator into compartments, and means in said compartments to regulate the flow of air through the compartments. a

. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

JOSEPH. B. KELLER. Witnesses: a

PERCY W. Ma'rrnnws. 'G. E. HUTTELMAIER. 

